2. Uses of multi sources feedback systemin performance managementMulti sources evaluation model is used in assisting high-level management, to appraise their employees. Utilizing the concept of using four multi sources evaluation model in the performance appraisal system could ease the changes need to be made in this system whenever it is necessary. This model follows a systematic step in determining a staff’s performance, and therefore, it creates a system of appraisal which can consistently produce reliable and valid results for the appraisal process. To allow others to use this system, the aspect to be evaluated and the weightage for each of these aspects need to be define in the system beforehand.
Typically, performance appraisals have been limited to a feedback process between employees ; superiors. With the increased focus on teamwork, employee development ; customer service, the emphasis has shifted to employee feedback from the full circle of sources. This multi input approach to performance feedback is called “360-degree assessment”.
The methodology for the feedback is that data is obtained through the questionnaires that measure behaviors of individuals from different perspectives against list of competencies. A typical 360-degree feedback may cover the following aspects of performance-Shared Vision and MissionStrategic OrientationLeadershipTeamworkCommunicationOrganizational SkillsDecisivenessDrivesAdaptabilityThere is a need for actions following the process of feedback, otherwise the whole activity could lose it effectiveness, if the purpose is developmental, the actions may be left to individuals as part of their personal development planAdvantagesIndividuals get a broader perspective as to how they are perceived by othersThe feedback provides a more rounded view of their performanceEnhanced awareness and relevance of competenciesAwareness for senior management too, as they will get to know their need for developmentFeedback is perceived more valid and objective as it’s collected from varied sources.Before the actual implementation of the system, questionnaires were prepared and distributed to the human resource section to evaluate the usability and effectiveness of the system. To demonstrate the application of multifactorial evaluation model in the performance appraisal system multifactorial evaluation model was developed. This performance appraisal system uses al criteria provided by the company by using the following steps:Design questionnaire Feedback process Evaluation & communication Formation of developmental plans Follow up Survey.Summarized rating and weight age of the 4 aspects of performanceAspect Rating WeightingAspect 1 Exceptional 1.0Aspect 2 Superior 0.6Aspect 3 Fully Successful 1.
8Aspect 4 Satisfactory 0.8Marks for different sources of feedbackSL Feed back Marks1. Feedback from superior 502. Feedback from peer groups 253. Feedback from students/results 204.
Self 5Here we have following points to remember: Every source of feedback has marks. According to select option, final getting marks of particular source is calculated using above table grades and scale. Therefore, the staff’s Overall Performance Rating (OPR) is: -OPR = ((1.0 * 50) + (0.6 * 25) + (1.0 * 20) + (0.8 * 5)) = 896.
Appraisal method and effectivenessA performance assessment is an essential activity of the HR department, which provides important and useful information for the efficiency, efficiency, knowledge and staff performance of overall job performance. These assessments are also used to destroy organization’s behavior and production issues and to make contributions to the workers more. Various organizations have been using different methods to assess employee performance, which is described below are some popular topics.
Essay methodCost accounting methodConfidential reportForced distribution methodForced choice method360-degree appraisalField review methodChecklistBehaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS)There are different methods which the organizations can use according to their preferences. Let’s look at some of the ways in detail, which is given below-Essay methodIt is a traditional and decisive method by which employees are evaluated and written on a descriptive composition. Articles describe the strength, weakness, possible, nature and so on. Assessment helps in collecting a lot of information about workers’ employees, because employees cannot be evaluated on the strictly-defined criteria. The process is undeniable and flexible, allowing employers to emphasize any subject or feature that they think is relevant.
However this method is tedious and difficult to manage because it demands more than other methods of evaluation. It is difficult to describe descriptive details of nature, compare them or withdraw any conclusion. In addition, the evaluator must have good writing skills, otherwise the whole process will be distorted.Comparative evaluationComparative evaluation is an evaluation of employee evaluation by an employee evaluating and contrasting an employee with the other.
There are two main ways to evaluate comparisons; they:Paired comparisonUnder this approach, employees of the same job are added to the post or level employees, which is why they are evaluated based on each other’s performance. Evaluate the skills, experience, team players, behaviors, etc. with the appropriate assessors and choose the best editor’s staff. Appropriate, the radars are supplied with a throws slip, each employee’s name is a pair. The employees who are considered the best of Raters are given a check mark and the process is repeated for all pairs. Finally, most successful workers get the most ticks when the staff eating less ticks are considered relatively poor.A good method to compare the pair for employee performance evaluation. However, by applying the formula, the pair in pairs, the pair in pairs, the pair in pairs, the pair in pairs, it is very difficult for the joining pair:N (N-1) ÷ 2, where N = No.
of employeesFor an example, if there are four employees, the number of pairs formed will be six.RatingA commonly used traditional method of rating performance evaluation. Under this method, the employee is rated numerically from 1 to 10 to determine the performance of various tasks like his presence, attitude, performance, output, sincerity, dependence, initiative etc. Employee can be rated by his / her parent, colleagues or even the customers, depending on the type of work, all the quantity measurements are finally calculated and the results are revoked.Performance evaluation rating methods are commonly used because it does not require high efficiency in nature’s economic and raters to use it. Also, it applies to almost all types of jobs and even large workshops.
However, due to the weakness of this system, for example, due to the bias of the night, employees may be mistakenly rated.Forced distribution methodAt the end of 90, Tyfen introduced a new method that effectively evaluation calls were forcibly distributed, causing radar errors to be eliminated. According to this method, raters are organized from the institutions, which are forced to divide them into some sections evenly to their employees. Class 10% poor, 40% good, 40% good and 10% can be excellent, poor, average, well and excellent or percentile.
This forced distribution method is widely used and has been appreciated as an effective in service-driven organizations. But this forced distribution method has some drawbacks. They are:All employees might not fit neatly into a categoryThis forced distribution method creates false competition between employeesRaters may end up placing more visible employees in superior categories and less visible ones in poor category, irrespective of their job performance.Forced choice methodForced choice method of performance appraisal was introduced by J.P.
Guilford. It is one of the most systematic and reliable approach to evaluate employees accurately.Under this approach, the HR manager, at first, prepares a set of positive as well as negative statements.
The statements are then forwarded to the rater, following which the rater indicates which of the given statements suits the employee. Once the rater finishes evaluating all employees, the report is sent to the HR manager for final assessment.Some examples of positive and negative statements are:Positive statementsCommunicates well with superiors.Plays active role in meetings and other office events.Negative statementsConsistently over-promises and under-delivers.
Isn’t punctual, often comes late to the office.Graphic rating scale methodThe operational evaluation of the executive evaluation method was introduced by JP Gilford. This is the most systematic and reliable method to assess employees properly. Under this method, the HR manager first, sets out a set of positive and negative statements.
Then the statements are sent to the night, so that the night indicates that the given statement is appropriate for any employee. Once the staff of the night completes the assessment, the report is sent to HR Manager for final assessment. Some examples of positive and negative statements are:Field review methodThose who is not belong to the employees department conduct the appraisal in this field review method. Management use of this technique to evaluate employees’ performance. This is also helpful in eliminating uncertain issues that may arise in workplace. However, this method is not widely used because of the drawbacks.
They are:The rater is not familiar with employees, making it impossible for him to observe their actual behavior.The rater might feel aggrieved in cases when employees try to clarify any matter.ChecklistAnother simple method to evaluate employee performance evaluation of the checklist method. The checklist may include the list of questions (show worker performance and employment exposure) and respond to the ‘YES’ or ‘NO’ form of the night. This method is helpful not only in evaluating employee’s job performance but also in evaluating degree of uniformity of the rater by giving him two similar questions in different manner.Confidential reportThe method of evaluating employee’s performance and taking necessary actions without giving any feedbacks to the employees is known as confidential report.
Authorized personnel can only view or investigate the report. And that’s why personnel send openly but in sealed envelope. Generally, such method of performance appraisal is conducted yearly, and employees are appraised on the attendance, team work, dependability, leadership, behavior, discipline, integrity ; honesty, quality ; quantity of output.Critical incident methodCritical incident method is used to evaluate the ability of employees to work during such situation. Under this method, the rater keeps record of effective as well as ineffective behaviors of individual employee at the workplace.Such appraisal is conducted periodically. And at the end of every assessment, the HR manager or some experts evaluate the behavior and score them, depending upon which the best scoring employees and poor scoring employees are identified.
Maintaining logs of employee’s critical incident behavior helps in preparing checklist too. The group of experts evaluates the behaviors of employees collectively and they prepare checklist, whenever necessary.Critical incident method evaluates job performance of an employee, rather than his personality. However, this method has some drawbacks. They are:Ineffective behavior or negative response of employees is easily noticed than positive onesIt is time consumingIt requires very close supervision which is disliked by the employeesRecording detailed information about every employee is problematicRaters may forget to mention any important incidentsManagement by objectives (MBO)Management by objectives (MBO) is a modern and systematic method of appraising employee’s performance which was jointly founded by some experts of management science like Drucker, McGregor and Odiorne. Managers of present generation know results of traditional methods of performance appraisal were majorly based on the perspective or opinion of the raters. They have realized that it is essential to know what achievement from an employee’s point of view is.
MBO is employer-employee driven approach of performance appraisal which involves superior and subordinates in setting goals. The employees work upon achieving their set goals and employers keep a record of how close they are to accomplishment of the goals. This way, employees become clear about which path to walk on to get the goals, subsequently increasing and improving his performance level.MBO, at this point, does not only work as a tool for evaluating performance but also as a motivation factor which allows the company to extract maximum output from available human resource, permitting employees adequate space for self-development and growth.Behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS)Behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) is the combination of critical incident and rating scale methods of performance appraisal. Under this method, the scale points are defined by critical (effective or ineffective) behaviors of the employee.
BARS usually consist of scale ranging from 5 to 9 points, each representing continuum of statements that describes behavior of employees ranging from unacceptable to most effective.A BARS can be developed in following steps.Collecting samples of effective and ineffective job behavior from the experts by analyzing the critical incident methodConverting these samples into performance dimensionRelocating the performance dimension (from unacceptable to outstanding)Rating the performance dimension accordingly, starting from 1Finally, using the scale anchor to evaluate employee’s performanceCost accounting methodCost accounting method of performance appraisal is the process of evaluating monetary benefits yield to the organization from the job performance of an employee. In other words, this method is used to analyze the cost of keeping the employee and the benefits the company derives from his/her presence and / or absence.There are some major points which are considered while evaluating employee under this approach. They are:Average value of unit cost of production of goods and servicesQuality of the goods and services producedOverhead cost incurred (lighting, electricity, equipment, etc.
)Extra-expenses (accident, error, damage, wear and tear of tools and equipment)Relationship with customers and clientsCost of the time spent by the supervisor in appraising the employeePerformance Appraisal: Maintaining system effectivenessControlling the SystemControlling the performance appraisal system requires the coordinationof all facets of the system. Personnel staffs are generally assign for this task. Among the many responsibilities are ensuring that ratingperiods are established, the proper rating techniques (such as managementby objectives (MBO) and behavioral anchored rating scales(BARS)) are used for each employee’s evaluation, performance appraisaltraining is conducted for raters and rates the performance appraisalsystem is operated in a legally defensible manner, performance appraisalreviews are conducted on time and the results of the performanceappraisal process are properly linked to the programs dependent onthem (merit pay, promotion, employee development and others).Ensure the system is monitoredCertain indicators may assist in determining the effectiveness of a performanceappraisal system. These indicators are setting quality of performancestandards, conducting performance appraisal reviews, using performanceappraisal results, tracking raters, socialization of scales, andeliminating adverse impact.Monitoring these system areas usually requires planning and, in someinstances, implementing special procedures. Although there are manypossible ways of monitoring these areas, a few are suggested here withdiscussion.
Qualityof Performance Standards:The standards should be specific, challenging, realistic, dynamic, understandable, consistent with the organizational goals and, when possible, measurable. A specific standard should be developed for every rating an employee is to receive.Conduct of Performance Appraisal Reviews:Performance appraisal reviews must be scheduled in advance and conducted when scheduled. Both raters and employees should prepare for these reviews. Most organizational procedures require annual formal performance appraisal reviews. Yet many are finding that more frequent reviews, such as informal quarterly or semiannual reviews, produce a better understanding of the job requirements and increase both the rater’s and employee’s appreciation of the job.Tracking the Raters: A rater tracking system is particularly helpful in monitoring a performance appraisal system. “Tracking” consists of reviewing the ratings awarded by individual raters, and subsequently giving raters feedback concerning the quality of their ratings.
It is useful to focus part of the review on the levels of ratings awarded and, where possible, the justification for the levels being awarded. The reviews can furnish insight into a rater’s understanding of the appraisal process and adequate ratings available in the system.20. Importance of Effective Employee AppraisalsPerformance is generally known as an outcome or result of an individual’s actions. An individual’s performance therefore becomes a function of ability and motivation (Ainsworth et al.
, 2002). Performance Assessment (also performance appraisal, evaluation, measurement) becomes a continual review of the job related task accomplishments or failures of the individuals within the organization. A major consideration in performance improvement involves the creation and use of performance measures or indicators; which are measurable characteristics of products, services, processes, and operations the company uses to track and improve performance.
Workplace evaluation can happen several times in a year, where an employee and critics, usually employee supervisors, can sit and discuss a long face in all aspects of work. So, evaluation can serve many important functions. If effectively done, evaluation can provide great satisfaction for both employees and critics.An effective worker provides an opportunity to provide feedback as well as the feedback. Employee gets important information such as she knows what she is doing well and who needs to improve; she knows exactly where she stands. The reviewer can get feedback from the employee who can help improve the work environment.
Critics can also uncover things that can accomplish employees’ actions and take necessary steps.Employee recognition and rewardsAssessment gives employees the opportunity to recognize and reward and to ensure that they feel valued for the work. Monitoring the performance and progress with the target can determine whether employers can reward employees with salary increases, promotions or bonuses. This is an opportunity to thank you and to give oral feedback and praise.
Highlights will not be significant financial success. Although money still has significant importance, and they should be regularly reviewed to be consistent with competitive and gradual performance, government and sincere confessions are still a long way in maintaining employee employment.New challenges and clear objectivesCulture organization is a great place where employees feel the real concept of confidence. They have come to understand that how the organization is trying to achieve, its mission and values ??are inspired by and their role plays a role in achieving overall success.
The topics discussed during the assessment meeting will help employees understand how specific goals will be taken for them in a broader business plan. It helps to give an idea of ??employee ownership in joint ventures and helps empower them to achieve the desired results. It is a great opportunity to provide ongoing challenges to regularly review the goals and to ensure employee motivation through new goals and experiences.
Continued progression and developmentThe obvious growth opportunities are attractive for new recruitment and it is more likely to be able to maintain gifted staff by determining career paths for them. It can be noticed regularly at the workplace when it helps employees identify when they are ready for more responsibilities. Removing time to discuss an employee’s individual ambition will also help the organization spot and develop potential talent and build a strong heritage pipeline.Culture of trust and opennessIn today’s fastest business world, it is more important to maintain a meaningful, two-way dialogue with staff to help keep talent in your organization. One of the skilled entrepreneurs to get employees’ employment is assured that a voice of the employees and evaluation and performance review can help fuel meetings and staff share their views in discussions. They will encourage ideas to encourage ideas to influence innovation, and the relationship between developing open communication between the evaluation systems will enable employees to communicate with and discuss any ideas or topics beyond this meeting.Support and trainingOpen discussions in performance provide an opportunity to identify issues and explore positive solutions.
What additional training and support can be given to the managers to enable employees to feel proud of their results? Higher employment staffs may be supported by further training to help them progress on the next level of their careerPrevention of long-term dissatisfactionAssessments are usually sliced, which can be raised in an assessment meeting, but they can be withdrawn before leaving. It is a great opportunity for an employee to raise any concerns or concerns or to discuss any other obstacles that they bring them back. Listen to the workers and take time to face any anxiety and create a happy employment and a culture of integrity and trust will continue to fuel.Supporting staff to deliver an effective appraisal systemIn order to work for the best effectiveness of evaluation and performance, managers need to be fully equipped to manage regular responses and ongoing performance.
Investing in training for managers to provide an effective performance assessment with a pure approach is a worthwhile investment. Due to maintaining a natural management style, helping to develop Trust and Trust for building their free and transparent relationship and developing skills such as active hearing and performance assessment will help ensure a constructive evaluation system.
